Abstract—Although many studies has been investigated the effects of El Nino in Indonesia, but little evidence is available for estimation the effects of El Nino using satellite images in the hilly areas. This study is to estimate the effects of El Nino occurrence on agriculture using statistical and satellite images. The study was conducted at Gunung Kidul district, one of district in Yogyakarta Special Province, which is located in hilly region, during 2002 – 2007. In ElNino year shows negative index of Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and decrease in rainfall and wetland paddy production. Also based on landsat ETM+ in October 12, 2006, mean of NDVI in wetland paddy (-0.1) and rain-fed dry land crops (-0.2) was low vegetation. Comparing with normal year, in landsat ETM+ in October 12, 2004, mean of NDVI in wetland paddy (0.05) and rain-fed dry land crops (0.02), it is indicated vegetation is high. Correlation between mean of NDVI and percentage of planted area in wetland paddy, both of the year, El Nino and normal year was in good correlation, which in El Nino year R² = 0.685 and in normal year R² = 0.716 and rain-fed dry land crops, only in El Nino year had good correlation with R² = 0.431. The result in correlation because cropping pattern in both of land, in wetland paddy with monoculture, the amount of crop only one crop was planted but in rain-fed dry land crops with intercropping, sometimes in rain-fed dry land crops is double counted in each crop. Also, in rain-fed dry land crops is depend on water sufficiency in the land, if enough of water, the correlation is not good because intercropping was done as usual.
 

Index Terms—rainfall, normal year, NDVI, cropping pattern

Cite: Bayu Dwi Apri Nugroho, "Using Satellite Image to Estimate the Effects of El Nino Occurrence on Agriculture in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia," Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 281-285, December 2016. Doi: 10.18178/joaat.3.4.281-285